Efficient Homogeneous and Supported Ionic Liquid Catalysts for Production of Linear Alkylbenzenes

AlCl3 based homogeneous ionic liquids such as 1-butyl 3-methyl imidazolium chloroaluminate ([BMIm]+Al2Cl7–), 1-butyl 3-methylpyridinum chloroaluminate ([BMPy]+Al2Cl7–) and triethylamine hydrochloride chloroaluminate (Et3NHCl-AlCl3) were prepared to study the benzene alkylation with 1-dodecene. All homogeneous ionic liquid catalysts have shown higher selectivity (~ 40 %) for desired 2-LAB (2-linear alkylbenzene), than the conventional AlCl3 catalyst (~ 32 %). Apart from the homogeneous catalysts, one supported ionic liquid catalyst (SG-N+(C2H5)3-Al2Cl7–), was also synthesized. The supported ionic liquid catalyst showed further increased selectivity of the 2-LAB (~ 45 %). Moreover, the reusability of SG-N+(C2H5)3-Al2Cl7– catalyst was much higher than the homogeneous ionic liquid catalysts. The supported ionic liquid catalyst was characterized by various techniques such as FT-IR, MAS-NMR and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Hammett acidity function (Ho) was used to determine the acidity of supported ionic liquid catalyst. The pyridine adsorbed FT-IR spectra of (SG-N+(C2H5)3-Al2Cl7–) catalyst showed presence of common Brönsted-Lewis acidic sites. The 27Al MAS-NMR of (SG-N+(C2H5)3-Al2Cl7–) catalyst showed a band at ~ 6,987 ppm, which is attributed to 6-coordinated Al species. A nonlinear optimization algorithm was developed in MATLAB 7.4.0 to determine the kinetic parameters of the benzene alkylation with 1-dodecene in presence of (SG-N+(C2H5)3-Al2Cl7–) catalyst. The concentrations of the products predicted by model were found in good agreement with experiments (relative error ~ 1,5 %).

homogeneous ionic liquid catalyst, supported ionic liquid catalyst, production of linear alkylbenzenes, kinetic of the benzene alkylation with 1-dodecene

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