Pyrolysis of Methane over Oxide Catalysts on Resistible Fechral and Carborundum Supports

Catalysts on resistive supports – thermostable metal alloy fechral (FeCrAl) and carborundum (silicon carbide SiC) – were studied in the reaction of methane pyrolysis into acetylene. Oxides (iron and chromium oxides, alumina, as well as zirconia and silica) as the active components were chosen corresponding to those occurred on the surface of heat-treated fechral alloy. The oxide supporting on carborundum results in an increase in the methane conversion compared to the conversion over initial carborundum, the maximal selectivity to acetylene being observed with ZrO₂/SiC and Al₂O₃/SiC. In contrast, supporting of these oxides on fechral results in a decrease in the activity and selectivity to acetylene (compared to those observed with the initial heat-treated fechral) but in widening the temperature range of the catalyst operation and in an increase in the stability in time. With carborundum, the latter parameters are independent of the oxide supporting. The studies of the initial supports (fechral and carborundum) and of the metal oxides supported thereon have led to assume that the high selectivity to acetylene is caused by the formation of carbon fibers on the catalyst surface, the fibers being preferably formed on the surface of alumina, zirconia and silica.

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