Formation and properties of nanoscale catalysts dispersed in a hydrocarbon medium designed for conversion of heavy feedstocks

In recent years, researches on the synthesis and application of nanoscale catalysts of hydroconversion were intensified. In this paper, formation of the dispersed phase of oxides of Mo, Al, Fe, Co, Ni with the particle size of 100–1000 nm is studied. The oxides were prepared at 200–250 °C by thermal decomposition of reverse microemulsions (ME) based on synthetic surfactants and pentadecane with the metal content below 0,05 wt.%. Native petroleum stabilizers of the hydrocarbon phase of ME (asphaltenes, components of light gas oil and tar) contribute to reducing the size of synthesized particles to 127–200 nm and to increasing the metal content in the stable suspension to 2 wt.%. Nanoscale catalysts (MoS2 with a particle size of 10–50 nm and combined systems containing Al, Mo, Co(Ni)) were synthesized in situ under conditions of the hydroconversion of tar performed by the method of reverse emulsions. The catalysts exhibited high activity in inhibiting the polymerization of high-molecular components of raw materials.

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