Catalytic Redox Transformations in Rock Matrices

Properties of catalytic systems based on iron oxide and inorganic matrices of oil-bearing rocks (basalt, clay, sandstone) were studied regarding the decomposition of ammonium nitrate, methane oxidation, hydrocracking of asphaltenes. The catalytic systems were iron oxide (hematite with particles of D = 11.0÷20 nm in size, preparation temperature 453–473 K) supported on the matrices through co-hydrolysis of carbamide and iron chloride under hydrothermal conditions at 433–473 K and 0.6–1.6 MPa. Iron oxide catalysts based on basalt and clay were most active to deep oxidation of methane (X_CH4 = 83 % and 72.9 % at 773 K, respectively), and Fe₂O₃ / basalt and Fe₂O₃ / sandstone systems most active to decomposition of ammonium nitrate. In hydrocracking of asphaltenes to maltene, the catalyst activity decreased in the series: Fe₂O₃ / basalt > Fe₂O₃ /clay > Fe₂O₃ / sandstone, the iron oxide supported on clay being the most selective catalysts. The obtained experimental data indicated practicability of natural materials such as oil-bearing rocks (basalt, clay, sandstone) for the development of catalytic systems to be used in situ in oil reservoirs and advanced technologies for improving the oil recovery.

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