The Influence of the Composition of Molybdenum Modified NiCu-Containing Catalysts on the Activity and Selectivity to Hydrogenation of Furfural to Produce Valuable Chemicals

The influence of the composition of molybdenum modified NiCu-containing catalysts on the activity and selectivity to hydrogenation of furfural – a product of acid hydrolysis of hemicellulose biomass – was studied. The initial NiCu catalyst was prepared by the sol-gel method and stabilized with 10 wt % SiO₂ by impregnating the calcined sol-gel with ethyl silicate. Molybdenum was introduced in the form of oxide Mo(VI) on the stage of blending of oxide precursors of the metals. Selective hydrogenation of furfural was achieved using a batch reactor at 100–200 °C and 6 MPa of hydrogen. It was established that the rise of the process temperature led to an increase in the yields of 2-methylfurane and complete hydrogenation products. At low process temperatures, 2-methylfurane practically was not formed but furfuryl and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohols were the main products. In comparison to the NiCu systems, the modified NiCuMo-SiO₂ catalysts were more active to hydrogenation of furfural and more selective to 2-methylfurane; this may be accounted for by the formation of solid NiMo(Cu) solutions and by the formation of Mo^x+ on the catalyst surface.

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