The methods for preparing granulated ZSM-5 zeolites in the H-form with a high degree of crystallinity with a micro-meso-macroporous structure using synthetic amorphous aluminosilicates obtained by precipitation from aqueous solutions of sodium silicate and aluminum sulfate or by sol-gel synthesis using tetraethyl orthosilicate and aluminum nitrate are described. It is shown that the nature of the amorphous aluminosilicate affects the crystallization conditions of the granulated zeolite, as well as the morphology and dispersion of the resulting ZSM-5 zeolite crystals.

The paper studies the effect of CO₂ content in synthesis gas on the process of combined synthesis and hydroconversion of hydrocarbons on a bifunctional Сo/SiO₂+ZSM-5+Al₂O₃ catalyst. The studies were performed in the range of CO₂ content from 0 to 60 vol. % at temperatures of 240 and 250 °C, pressure of 2.0 MPa and GHSV of 1000 h^-1. It was shown that partial conversion of CO₂ into synthetic hydrocarbons is possible on the bifunctional cobalt catalyst. Processing of carbon dioxide added to synthesis gas occurs in the range of CO₂ concentrations of 20-40 vol. %. The maximum degree of CO₂ conversion was 5.3 % at 240 °C and 20 vol. % CO₂ in gas. It has been established that the addition of CO₂ to synthesis gas leads to an increase in selectivity for C₅₊ hydrocarbons and the amount of isomeric hydrocarbons in the synthesis products, which contribute to the improvement of the characteristics of motor fuel, the octane number of the gasoline fraction and the pour point of the diesel fraction.

The results of studies of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on cobalt catalysts prepared on the basis of granular zeolites HZSM-5, HMOR, HY with a hierarchical porous structure are presented. Physicochemical and catalytic properties were studied for samples with cobalt contents of 6 and 12 wt. %. The phase composition of the catalysts and the structural characteristics of the active component, as well as the nature of cobalt reduction, were determined. The activity and selectivity parameters of the catalysts were studied in a fixed-bed reactor in continuous mode at a pressure of 2.0 MPa, a gas space velocity of 1000 h^–1, and a temperature of 240-250 °C. It has been established that, depending on the type of zeolite used and the cobalt content, the active phase of the catalyst consists of crystals of different sizes, which, in turn, affects the reduction temperature, activity and selectivity in relation to the fuel fractions of the resulting synthesis products. Samples based on granulated zeolite HMOR_h are characterized by maximum activity and productivity; catalysts based on granulated zeolite HY_h demonstrate the greatest stability. The diesel fraction of products obtained from samples 6Co/HZSM-5_h and 12Co/HMOR_h has the best low-temperature characteristics.

The study of the effect of the composition of the feedstock cracking on its conversion, distribution of cracking products and composition of regeneration gases. Four types of feedstocks were studied: hydrocracking residue, hydrotreated vacuum gas oil, non-hydrotreated vacuum gas oil and mixed feedstock containing 20 wt. % of fuel oil and 80 wt. % of non-hydrotreated vacuum gas oil. Indole, quinoline and benzothiophene were additionally introduced into each type of feedstock, as well as benzothiophene and indole simultaneously. It was found that with an increase in the fractional composition of the feedstock, a decrease in conversion and the yield of cracking products (gasoline and light olefins) occurs. An increase in the concentration of sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the regeneration gases is also observed.

The paper demonstrates the possibility of industrial-scale application of the developed catalytic structured blocks 0.24 wt. % Rh/Ce_0.75Zr_0.2Gd_0.05 /η-Al₂O₃/FeCrAl for use in reformers for partial oxidation of propane-butane mixtures to produce synthesis gas and 0.06 % Pt/Ce_0.75Zr_0.25 O2/η-Al₂O₃/FeCrAl for use in anode gas utilization systems (afterburners). The results of testing the catalytic blocks in the corresponding reactions are presented.

The ability to undergo reversible electron addition while maintaining structural stability makes vanadium-containing polyoxometalates attractive objects for research in various fields of chemistry, including the creation of modern “green” processes. An effective Pd-containing catalytic system based on Pd(OAc)₂ and high-vanadium heteropoly acid of the NaH₁₀P₄Mo₁₈V₇O₈₇ composition, which allows performing two-stage oxidation of linear α-olefins C₅–C₁₀ into the corresponding 2-ketones with a yield above 93% in a two-phase aqueous-organic medium, has been developed. The system ensures the achievement of economically promising process efficiency indicators, is suitable for multicycle use, and makes it possible to avoid the application of high-pressure apparatus when carrying out the target reaction.

Palladium, nickel and cobalt oxides supported on the surface of various porous materials (g-Al₂O₃, B₂O₃/Al₂O₃, activated carbon and Sibunit) are considered as catalysts for ethylene dimerization. The use of alumina supports turned out to be fundamental for the synthesis of active palladium- and nickel-containing catalysts. Deposition on the carbon materials results in catalysts containing palladium and nickel predominantly in the metallic state, which does not provide the possibility of ethylene conversions. Cobalt catalysts, on the contrary, are most active when supported on a carbon surface due to the formation of CoO particles. These catalysts, due to the low density of acid sites on their surface, have an advantage in terms of achieving the maximum yield of butene-1, as the most valuable product of ethylene dimerization.

Ni, Mo-containing oxide catalysts synthesized using cation- and anion-modified aluminum oxide (Na₂O-Al₂O₃, MgO-Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃-Al₂O₃, ZrO₂-Al₂O₃, B₂O₃-Al₂O₃, SO₄^2--Al₂O₃) as a support have been studied. The modification effect of the support surface on the physicochemical properties and catalysts activity in the process of conversion ethylene to propylene has been established. Anionic modification (B₂O₃-Al₂O₃, SO₄^2--Al₂O₃) promotes an increase in the activity of catalysts, which is due to the formation of octahedrally coordinated Ni²⁺ ions bound to the acidic sites of the support surface. In contrast, cationic modification (Na₂O-Al₂O₃, MgO-Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃-Al₂O₃, ZrO₂-Al₂O₃) suppresses the development of ethylene conversion reactions. The maximum propylene yield of 51-52 wt.% is provided by catalysts based on a borate-containing support and unmodified alumina. They are distinguished by the presence of surface highly dispersed polymolybdate species and medium-strength Brønsted acid sites.

Activation by etching the Sibunit® carbon material with nitrogen oxide (NO) allowed to obtain nitrogen-containing supports with a variable content of introduced nitrogen (N) from 2.3 at.% to 10.7 at.% (according to XPS data). Etching was carried out in a high-pressure reactor (from 15 to 29 bar) at elevated temperatures (180 and 230°C). The physicochemical and adsorption properties of the obtained nitrogen-containing carbon supports were studied. Thus, a study of the texture of the supports showed that with an increase in the nitrogen content, the specific surface area of the materials decreased from 470 m²/g to 65 m²/g, while the average pore diameter increased from 7.4 nm to 18.1 nm. From the analysis of the XPS spectra it followed that the introduced N atom was present in five forms: pyridine (fraction (α) of the state 0.47), pyrrole (α = 0.38), graphite N (α = 0.13), as well as in the O=N-C (α = 0.011) and C–NO₂ (α = 0.0077) groups. The obtained nitrogen-containing carbon materials were studied as adsorbents for the immobilization of the rPichia/lip recombinant lipase. Using SAXS and SEM methods, it was shown that adsorbed lipase was capable of forming octamers and larger aggregates of complex structure (of 100 molecules). The fraction of single (non-aggregated) enzyme molecules increased (in 3.3 times) with an increase in nitrogen content (up to 11 at.%) in carbon material. Biocatalysts (BC) prepared by adsorptive immobilization of recombinant lipase rPichia/lip were tested in the low temperature esterification n of heptanoic C₇ acid with butyl C4 alcohol, occurring at 20±2°C in hexane.  It was found that the introduction of nitrogen during a one-time post-activation of the Sibunit® with NO had a noticeable positive effect on the enzymatic activity and stability of the prepared BC. The optimal content of introduced nitrogen was about 7–10 at.%: the biocatalytic activity increased by 2–3 times (compared to the original Sibunit), and the conversion of heptanoic acid was 84% for 6 h at 20±2°C.