The results of study of the platinum centers Pt/Al2O3 catalysts formation from platinum chloride (IV) complexes, different by depth  f hydrolysis, are presented in the article. It was shown that a stronger interaction between the metal complex and support at the stage of hydrolyzed precursor fixing, leads to the formation of the platinum centers which different by adsorptive and catalytic properties from the properties of supported metal prepared from chloride complexes. The established differences are in more solid hydrogen adsorption and low activity in the hydrogenation of benzene. Furthermore, catalysts obtained from hydrolysed forms of complexes, have a higher dehydrogenating activity and selectivity in the aromatization of n- heptane.

The methods the first time are developed for the synthesis of solid molybdenum carbide by mechanical activation in air of mixture MoO3, carbon and Zn; for synthesis of supported carbide containing catalyst Mo2C/C composition by the method of mechanical activation in an inert atmosphere of carbon impregnated with 16 % aqueous solution of ammonium paramolybdate. The metal content, particle size, surface area, phase composition are determined for mechanically activated compositions using a complex of physical and chemical methods. Structure of carbide containing supported catalyst was studied by electron microscopy, catalyst’s acidic properties were studied by temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia and the catalytic test were carried out in model reactions of hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and aromatization of alkanes. It is shown that the catalyst composition Mo2C/C exhibits a high activity in these reactions: conversion of DBT at contact time 3–6 hours is 80–85 %; conversion of n- heptane at a contact time of 2 hours is 31,2 %, and the reaction product is 100% toluene. Increasing the contact time to 6 hours reduces the conversion of n-heptane and 1,3 % , wherein in the reaction product contains up to 47 % of С6–С7 cycloalkane. The results show a high catalytic activity of Mo2C/C, obtained by mechanical activation.

New aluminum-carbon sorbent (Al2O3-С) having a developed surface (430 m2/g), high adsorption capacity, mechanical strength (at least 5 N/mm2) used as a support in the metathesis reaction of ethylene and 2-butene into propylene, in order to extend the lifetime of molybdenum oxide catalysts. The morphology and texture characteristics of the surface of 10 % MoO3/Al2O3-С and comparative sample – 10 % MoO3/Al2O3 were investigated by SEM and adsorption. The activation of catalysts was studied using the thermal analysis. Catalytic tests in metathesis reaction of ethylene and trans-2-butene to propylene (22–150 °C, pressure 10 kg/cm2, C2H4/C4H8 = 1) were performed. It is shown that the catalyst MoO3/Al2O3-С compared with MoO3/γ-Al2O provides higher conversion of the reactants, more propylene selectivity and longer life. The MoO3/Al2O3-С catalyst may be recommended for industrial use in the metathesis of ethylene and 2-butene as compared to the commercial catalyst WO3/SiO2, it permits process under milder conditions and with a high yield of the desired product.

New reforming catalysts PR-81 and SHPR-81 differing from its predecessors (PR-51 and PR-71) by increased mechanical strength (1,8–2,2 vs 1,2–1,5 kg/mm) were developed in IHCP SB RAS and put into commercial production. At «Angarsk plant catalysts and organic synthesis» by Rosneft Company a four parties of the catalysts total weight 78 tons are turned out for the three industrial reforming units, working on gasoline and aromatic scheme («Purneftepererabotka», «Gazprom Salavat Petrochemical», «GazpromNeft - Omsk Oil Refinery »). Comparative analysis of new catalysts and their predecessors was hold. It is shown that the catalyst PR- 81A which was used at commertial unit LP-35-11/40 in the period 2010–2013 is characterized by increased activity (the temperature for achieving the desired stiffness of the process on 25–30 °C lower than for the PR-71 catalyst) and the yield of the stable reformate to 2–3 wt.% higher and aromatics content on 5 wt.% lower. Combined loading of commercial unit L-35-11/600 by catalysts PR-81A/SHPR-81 provide a producing of gasoline with RON 95-97 even under adverse operating conditions and low quality of feed. The obtained results allow us to rely on the widespread introduction of new catalysts to refineries in Russia and CIS countries.

Laws of formation of oxide-silicon structures in the aluminum-chromium catalyst for isobutane dehydrogenation were studied using the methods of adsorption, XRD, solid state detailed NMR 29Si, thermal programmed desorption of ammonia, UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy. Found that silicon in an amount of 0,5–1,2 wt.% is distributed on the surface of the catalyst as Si(OSi)4 structures. With an increase of its content up to 2,2–3,6 wt.% besides Si(OSi)4 on the surface a Si(OSi)3(O–) structural elements present. Formation of silicon oxide structures on the catalyst surface determines the increase of Cr(III) ions concentration and reducing the surface acidity, increases activity and selectivity of the catalysts in the dehydrogenation of isobutane.

Samples of SO4/ZrO2/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 catalysts and their physical mixtures are prepared, the catalytic properties of the samples in the isomerization reaction of n-hexane were studied. Significant impact on the state of the platinum on catalytic properties of the samples was revealed. It is shown that the ionic form of platinum present in the reduced form of catalysts by infrared spectroscopy (COads) and oxygen chemisorption of oxygen-hydrogen titration. These forms can adsorb up to three hydrogen atoms on each surface atom of platinum. It’s established with the help of isotope H/D-exchange that specific properties of ionic platinum are manifested in the formation of hydride form of adsorbed hydrogen. It is suggested that the activity and stability of catalysts based on sulfated zirconia in the isomerization of n-hexane caused by involving ionic and metallic platinum in hydrogen activation. The results can be used to develop the effective catalysts for С5–С6 gasoline fractions isomerization to produce isomerate as octane additives in modern gasoline.

Effect of zeolite catalyst composition, the process conditions, the nature of oil on the distribution of products at their targeted transformations under catalytic cracking conditions was studied. The study was conducted on bizeolite catalysts containing zeolites – ultrastable Y and ZSM-5 in various proportions, and on the catalyst LUX where 18 wt.% of zeolite Y in HREY form. It is shown that the presence of ZSM-5 zeolite in the catalyst promotes the formation of С2–С4 olefins. Increased rigidity of the cracking process (increase temperature and the ratio of catalyst : feed) increases the yields of gaseous products and coke, while reducing the gasoline fraction. Effect of the nature of vegetable oils was studied on the example of palm, rapeseed, mustard and sunflower oils. It is shown that the maximum yield of С2–С4 olefins and gasoline have to use oils with a high content of saturated fatty acids. The laws of the joint cracking of sunflower oil and vacuum gasoil. It’s found that the total conversion of the feed mix and yield of the gasoline fraction increase at a joint cracking; maximum effect is achieved by adding 3–10 wt.% vegetable oil.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, derived by ennoblement of fibrous
products after hydro thermobaric treatment with the explosion of two tipes of feed (miscanthus and fruit shells oats) in the highpressure reactor was investigated. Multienzyme composition of the enzyme preparations «CelloLux-A», «BrewZyme BGX», «Rapidaza CR» was used as the catalyst. It’s found that cellulose obtained by ennoblement of fiber products these feed s at a pressure of 1,5 MPa, characterized nearest reactivity: yield of reducing substances – 81 % (by weight of the substrate) and 87–91 % (by weight of the hydrolyzable components . With increasing pressure of hydro thermobaric processing of feed (miscanthus) from 1,5 to 2,5 MPa to fermentolysis reactivity of cellulose decreases: reducing substances yield is 53–57 % (by weight of the substrate) or 56–60 % (by weight of the hydrolyzable components.) The universality of hydro thermobaric way of different types of non-wood feed for subsequent successful fermentolysis of substrates into solutions of the reducing substances with the predominant content of glucose. The glucose hydrolysates thus obtained are good feed for the biosynthesis of not only alcohol fuel , but also a wide range of products of microbiological synthesis : amino acids, organic acids, gel film of bacterial cellulose, protein and vitamin concentrates, etc.

Improving the efficiency of enzyme preparations which performing conversion of cellulose is one of the most pressing technological challenges today. In this paper, the latest method is considered to increase the hydrolytic ability of cellulase preparations comprising administering a non-hydrolytic enzymes of the type of action (polysaccharidemonooxygenase) in cellulolytic complex. Enzyme preparation with increased hydrolytic capacity was obtained by a recombinant strain of the fungus Penicillium verruculosum, carrying gene endoglucanase IV Trichoderma reesei. Using this method it is possible to increase the effectiveness of cellulase complex up to 20 %.