Highly selective catalytic systems with porous polymer supports immobilized with ionic liquids, which contained acceptor and donor substituents as well as various anions, were developed. Their effect on activity of the catalysts in disproportionation of trichlorosilane was studied. The catalytic activity of systems based on N-methoxy-4-methylimidazole with different counterions was shown to decrease with the growth of chemical activity of the anions from iodine to fluorine.

Graphite supported bismuth trichloride based green, heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst was developed and utilized for the preparation of β-enaminones from amines using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a solvent system at 66 °C temperature. Catalyst was found to produce high to excellent yields and was exhibited as a potent catalyst to produce the titled compounds. Further, the catalyst could also be recovered easily from reaction system and readily reused with minimal loss of activity.

The effect of the preparation method of bifunctional cobalt catalysts with HZSM-5 zeolite and a boehmite binder on the catalytic performance in the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis was studied. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by means of BET, XRD, EDX, SEM, TEM, H2 TPD and NH3 TPD methods and tested in the synthesis of hydrocarbons at a pressure of 2.0 MPa, temperature 240 °C, and gas hourly space velocity 1000 h–1. It was shown that the method of catalyst preparation can be used for controlling the hydrocarbon and fractional composition ofproducts of the Fischer – Tropsch synthesis. A promising composite catalytic system for the single-step synthesis of low-freezing diesel fuel was proposed.

Raising number of vehicles emits pollutants responsible for one third of total air pollution. Carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are the main pollutants from petrol engines. It requires stringent vehicular emission norms to be followed for controlling it. Three Way Catalytic Converter (TWCC) contain Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) as catalyst to reduce exhaust emission and is widely used method that fulfills these standards. Because of high cost of PGMs and considerable advancement in metal oxide preparatory methods, metal oxide catalysts have gained more attraction. Manganese oxide (MnOx) and Cobalt Oxide (CoOx) have displayed impressive redox reactions at lower temperature. MnOx seems to be a suitable contender of Oxygen Storage Capacity (OSC) and Cobalt oxide (CoOx) has displayed an excellent catalytic activity for HC and CO oxidation. Hence, these catalysts attract the attention of researchers. Present paper assesses the prospect of MnOx and CoOx as catalysts for the TWCC for redox reactions of CO, HC and NOx and also in terms of OSC and T50 temperature. It is found that CoOx and MnOx both low cost metal oxide catalysts stand a good chance to replace the noble metals for TWCC.

The hydrolysis-reduction of hemicellulose arabinogalactan to arabitol and galactitol polyalcohols, which are widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries, was studied. It was shown that the process could be performed with the bifunctional catalyst containing highly dispersed ruthenium deposited on the cesium salt of silicon-tungsten heteropolyacid, Ru/Cs3HSiW12O40. The catalysts with different content of ruthenium (0.3, 0.6 and 1 wt.%) were synthesized for the study. The catalysts and their Cs3HSiW12O40 support were examined by various physicochemical methods (low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, IR spectroscopy, XRD, and TEM). The effect of temperature, substrate/catalyst ratio and ruthenium content in the catalyst on the yields of target products was elucidated. The highest yields of target products were achieved at the metal content of 0.6 wt.% and equal weights of the loaded catalyst and substrate (the 1:1 ratio). At a temperature of 200 °C, arabitol and galactitol can be produced with the yields up to 12 and 48 % for 2 h of the reaction in the presence of catalyst with the composition 0.6%Ru/Cs3HSiW12O40.

Processes of the low-temperature enzymatic synthesis of esters in nonaqueous media of organic solvents with participation of heterogeneous biocatalysts synthesized by the adsorption immobilization of a recombinant lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (Pichia pastoris producer) on macroporous carbon aerogel were investigated. The esterification reaction was conducted using individual organic solvents of different polarity, such as nonpolar ones (lоgP > 2.5) – hexadecane, hexane and toluene, and polar solvents (lоgP < 1) – diethyl ether, tert-butanol and acetone, as well as their binary mixtures of different composition, for example, a mixture of hexane with diethyl ether having the composition 1 : (1/5÷3, vol. fr.). The effect of the solvent and co-solvent nature on the properties of synthesized biocatalysts, namely the enzymatic activity and operational stability, was studied in the batch esterification of heptanoic acid (C7:0) by alcohols, particularly the polar substrates – ethanol and n-butanol, or nonpolar alcohols – n-octanol and n-hexadecanol. Activity of the synthesized biocatalysts was found to depend to a great extent on polarity of both the solvents used in the reaction and the alcohol substrates. The maximum activity of 400 EA·g–1 was observed in a medium of nonpolar and nonviscous hexane (lоgP = 2.9), whereas the minimum activity of 4 EA·g–1 – in acetone (lоgP = 0.4); esterification of heptanoic acid in the presence of tert-butanol (lоgP = 0.6) virtually did not proceed. The activity of biocatalysts was shown to depend nonmonotonically on the lоgP value of individual solvent. In the binary mixtures of organic solvents, such as hexane/diethyl ether, biocatalytic activity linearly increased with an increase in lоgPmixture; in addition, biocatalysts exhibited the maximum operational stability.