Commercial hyper-cross-linked polystyrene (HCLPS) was shown to be a promising support for the development of heterogeneous catalysts intended for fine organic synthesis. This paper summarizes the results of multiyear studies on the creation of heterogeneous Pd-, Ptand Ru-containing catalysts based on MN100 and MN270 HCLPS. Data obtained by characterization of HCLPS and the related catalysts using various physical and physicochemical methods are reported. It was shown that commercial HCLPS can be used in the catalyst synthesis as spherical grains or as a powder. The form of HCLPS, along with the features of the metal catalyst precursor, essentially affect the distribution of Pd, Pt and Ru compounds and the sizes of metal-containing nanoparticles formed in the polymer environment. In addition, this is the first study that considers in detail the effect of catalyst treatment in flowing hydrogen at 300 °C on the surface chemical composition of the MN100 powder samples impregnated with Pd, Pt and Ru compounds.

The review considers methods for the production of acetylene, both the industrially implemented methods having a long history and the new ones that are at the step of laboratory studies and bench testing. The authors discuss the possibility of moving from the processes of acetylene production accompanied by the emission of considerable amounts of greenhouse gases (the carbide method, oxidative pyrolysis of natural gas) to the low-carbon or carbon-free plasmochemical processes of natural gas and coal processing with the use of energy generated by renewable sources (wind energy and solar energy).

The paper reports data on the development and investigation of the advanced catalysts for reforming and isomerization of gasoline fractions, which were performed at the Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC SB RAS, particularly the commercial operation of the reforming catalyst PR-81. A new catalyst with an increased acidity, which provides a decrease in the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in reformate by 3–5 wt.%, was developed for the reforming of gasoline fractions. A new sulfated zirconia catalyst supported on the porous alumina matrix was devised for isomerization of the fraction of C5–C6 hydrocarbons. An efficient tungstated zirconia catalyst was suggested for isomerization of the fraction of C7 hydrocarbons. The indicated catalysts are employed in the proposed scheme of integrated reforming and isomerization processes, which ensures the production of motor gasolines Euro-5 and 6, as well as the promising gasolines with a decreased content of aromatic hydrocarbons.

The effect of acid activation using 0.125–0.5 mol/l Н2SO4, HCl and HNO3 on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of natural clay (95 % montmorillonite, Mukhartalinsk deposit) was investigated. The rate and selectivity of the solketal (2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane) synthesis from glycerol and acetone were shown to depend on the concentration and type of the acid. The reaction rate and the yield of solketal increase with increasing concentration of the acid, which is consistent with the growth in the amount of Broensted sites. As the surface acidity increases, the efficiency of the system increases in the series MM/HCl > MM/HNO3 > MM/H2SO4.

An analytical review of the methods used for piperazine synthesis compares two groups of catalytic processes: intermolecular and intramolecular cyclization. Advantages and drawbacks of the existing piperazine synthesis methods are noted; the preferable highly selective processes of intramolecular cyclization using aminoethylethanolamine and diethylenetriamine as well as the single-step processes of intermolecular cyclization using ethylenediamine, mono- and diethanolamine are indicated.